ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ ЭКОНОМИКИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ И МОНИТОРИНГ ТЕНДЕНЦИЙ ЕЕ РАЗВИТИЯ В СРАВНЕНИИ С ОБЩЕМИРОВЫМИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИМИ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЯМИ

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to characterize some types of economic structures of the Republic of Belarus: indicators that characterize the structure of the economy, as well as factors that affect the structure of the economy. In addition, the economic indicators of the Republic of Belarus are compared with global economic indicators.

The methodological basis of the research is structural analysis, elements of econometric modeling and comparative analysis. The application of these methods and approaches allows to study the production of manufactures as a whole, per capita and subsections of the manufacturing industry, as well as the manufacturability, import and export in the industry. In addition, to make a rating of the countries under consideration in terms of manufacturing production, as well as manufacturing production per capita.

Research result. One of the important results is the statement that Belarus stands up to comparison with other countries in terms of economic indicators, including with the leading countries. The manufacturing industry is represented by many subsections, and in some subsections Belarus has a competitive advantage on the world stage.

The largest share in the structure of the manufacturing industry in the Republic of Belarus is occupied by the «Food and beverages» subsection. A similar situation is observed in other countries. However, in some developed countries, the structure of the manufacturing industry is dominated by subsections that produce products with higher GVA, such as «Cars, trailers and semi-trailers», «Machinery and equipment», «Chemicals and chemical products», and are also export-oriented.

Indicators of manufacturability, exports, and exports in the industry of Belarus show average values among the countries considered. The lowest values were observed in the indices of such countries as Russia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, and Australia; the highest values were in Germany, the Czech Republic, and France.

Research perspective. This article was prepared as part of a comprehensive study on improving the structure of the economy of regions at the regional and district levels of the Republic of Belarus.